Screenwriting : SPEC vs. SHOOTING SCRIPT: Training with TRAINING DAY, the script by David Ayer by Pablo Ponce de Leon

Well, I'll start with a quick superficial glance... I don't think I've ever read this script, so I'll have to read it more thoroughly later, anyway, what jumped out at me immediately were the action and camera directions given within slug lines(?)—hmmm, haven't seen that before. That I would change! The other thing... I found myself rolling my eyes over the sexism/misogyny all within the first ten pages—yeah, yeah, I know it's part of this "world" and characters. Which reminds me... I don't think I cared for the movie?—way back when. However, it's been a long long time and I only saw the film once. It will be interesting to read the script after all this time. Plus, I'm curious to see what others may comment. I'll have to add more after I've read the script. Great idea, Pablo. ;)

That should be more of a shooting script. A spec wouldn't contain those camera directions unless they're very very necessary.

Thanks, Beth. Yeah, the camera directions in the slugline are something I had never seen either. Reading it, it really does make it more dynamic I believe, but I wouldn't do this on spec for sure. Regarding the sexism, yes, I could see where it gets a bit much, but like you said it is part the world of the story. In fact, it's actually one of the key differences between the two leading characters, appearing like a sub-theme, within the bigger ethics theme driving away at the conscience of Ethan Hawke's character as he clashes with Alonso's way of doing things.

Thanks, Conrad! Yes, I agree, the spec most likely didn't have these camera directions.

Thanks, Owen! I'm sure there was a massive difference between this shooting script and the spec one we're trying to imagine here. I'll check out the material you recommended.

Do you know this for a fact, Owen? Dan Guardino said it was in fact the shooting script. I don't know whether it is or isn't. But being as what's made available to the public by the studios are usually the shooting scripts, I was inclined to agree with Dan. I have read many shooting scripts and I know they contain more directorial pointers than this one. At any rate, the question on this post was would you submit this as a spec as is or would you make some changes. The idea is to have fun with that. Are you in?

Yes, I'm well aware of the different personalities/ethos of the two main characters, hence the great power struggle between them—the writer does a fantastic job with both characters and the building tension between the two. However, that doesn't mean I have to like the subject matter. Lol! Nonetheless, I try to be as objective as possible. For me, I found the camera directions very distracting—looking at this script through the lens of the hypothetical spec script of today. I would remove many. Owen mentioned Sideways—great script! Sideways, for a shooting script has very little "direction." I'd say that script is much closer to a spec script. :)

This pdf of Training Day is the shooting script and it contains much direction: POV, MOVING, CLOSE UP, WIDEN TO, CUT TO, TIME CUT TO, FOLLOWING, ETC. The direction given within the sluglines would be an issue. That seems like something added during development.

It would be fantastic to get our hands on the first version, the spec script. Especially to see how the story may have changed, developed, what was added, removed, etc. I'm much more interested in those types of things than mechanical differences. :)

I love Training Day. David Ayer is a brilliant writer. I especially loved End of Watch. He's a writer's writer and certainly understands drama, as does the brilliant director Antoine Fuqua. It's interesting to note that Training Day is being reimagined as a television show this year. There are like a handful of successful movies that are being reimagined as television shows this season. A new trend is in the making.

Oh, wow! Great input, folks. Let’s see… BETH - You’re right. Even if the writer does a great job, it doesn’t mean we have to like the subject matter. If only film critics could be as straightforward about such things. With regards to camera directions, I would definitely remove them as a spec writer today as well. But in my case, not because they distract me, only because it's what’s expected. growls -- I come to writing from directing and post production, so when the script says WIDEN, CLOSE UP, etc I visually do as it says effortlessly. But yes, I know... // Sideways is a wonderful script (and movie), and you’re right, it pulls it off without camera directions all over the place. Yes, it’s likely that many of TRAINING DAY’s camera directions were probably added in development. If I find the original spec for it or for any other movie, I’ll let you guys know. BILL - I really like David Ayer’s writing too, END OF WATCH included, although I’m not crazy about U-571 and SWAT, but in terms of craft and style, he’s super talented. About this trend to make successful movies into TV shows, I don’t know. Let’s see what they do with TRAINING DAY, TV version… fingers crossed TIM - You’re right about CUT TO, pretty pointless most of the time. Perhaps, it could work to emphasize when it’s an abrupt cut, as in the middle of action that you would expect to continue otherwise. And yeah, reading descriptions like the one you point out makes it a much, much better read. I also like the way Ayer conveys the character’s feeling toward something with a line of “inside conversation” within the bulk of description. “Jake reacts. Then smiles -- This is kinda cool.”

I'm a little late to this party but when I searched the lounge, I found this and it's exactly what I'm dealing with right now. A little background. I had been writing more like a Novelist but found it tedious. I had read some 'shooting' scripts, got myself a copy of 'Screenwriters Bible' and starting writing in this new, more direct style. I really enjoyed it. I read all sorts of shooting scripts, used examples and fashioned myself a lovely FIRST script with all the appropriate 'book learnin' Direction. I've never seen an example of a 'spec' script so when I offered up some pages to another Writer here at Stage 32, imagine my surprise to discover I had not written a 'spec' script and that, in fact, I had written a 'shooting' script. Unfortunately, my Direction just made it a choppy read because I'm not a Director. I'm a new Writer and my Direction is going to be ignored anyway. So we focused on just the first page of my script. Thank you Dan M.! From Dan's note's I now understand the difference between the two types of Scripts. I mean I understood in 'theory' but, without notes or examples, it's difficult. I can learn ANYTHING but I need to to see it for myself. I could REALLY use some example Spec's. Has anyone found any yet?

Hi Pablo, based on only reading page 1, the 2 things I'd suggest changing are: 1) Delete Scene Numbers - In the US, Scene Numbers imply that you believe your draft is Production Ready, and are therefore, probably not very open-minded about development. In some non-US countries, Scene Numbers are standard, and do not imply the above. 2) Use more basic Scene Headings. "2 INT. JAKE'S HOUSE - KITCHEN - CLOSEUP - BRASSO - DAWN 2" This high level of detail asks your reader to expend a lot of mental energy picturing this scene, and there's not a big enough payoff after spending all this mental energy. IMO, you'd rather have them expend their mental energy on the big picture, not the small details, unless the details are vital to telling the story. Every reader has only a finite gas tank, and it will run dry. Plus, when a reader is reading a bunch of scripts, we start to skip over the Scene Headings anyway (and often, also only skimming stage direction/action) to save our mental energy for when it really counts. As an exec, the "Wide Angle" and "Cut To" don't bother me at all. "Wide Angle" is written so efficiently, it helps us. "Cut To" doesn't bother me, but it does take up space and makes the script run longer. "Cut To" usages will add up and increase page count. A longer page count could be more intimidating to your reader. I think most execs would be very happy with how efficiently the script tells its story. In the Hollywood Studio System, the format difference between "Shooting Scripts" and development drafts are NOT very different. The content might certainly change during creative development, but the format is typically very, very similar. Production Drafts start to take physical production into account. For example, you couldn't get permission to shoot at X location. The Production Script is revised to reflect the new location. You didn't plan 3 night scenes in a row; you revise to a day scene.

Woah... somebody turned on the light again. Cool! ... SHELLY - Interesting experience you've had. Thanks for sharing. Yes, finding real specs has become the Holy Grail for many of us. It was pointed out earlier on this thread that the screenplay of SIDEWAYS has minimal camera direction and could therefore serve as a model. I do agree with that. I just wish we could find others like it for other genres more action-oriented so we could see how the writer got it done before the development. DAN / OWEN - I agree, Alonzo totally has it coming. I see it as sort of a theme of this movie / script. In a world of where you need to break all the rules to uphold the "law", how far is too far? Well, Alonzo is the poster boy for that, though he had us going for a while. REGINA - Interesting you mentioned outside of the US, I've written and produced for television in Latin America where there are many different ways to present scripts, depending on the style of the production company. Some are still working double column. -- Regarding TRAINING DAY, yes, the first thing that gets most of our attention is why does he turn a close up shot into a heading. As for the level of detail, I see that he is brief when that's all he needs: "In a Santa Clarita housing tract. It's dark." and provided a more vivid picture with words that evoke an experience in others: "Eyes glisten in the clock's shine, patiently watching the time." He could have just said, "He patiently watches the clock." or as some do it: "He watches the clock. Patiently." I think a reader would keep reading in both cases if he / she is engaged and pass otherwise. At any rate, I'm of the opinion that this script as a spec didn't look much different, except for Scene Numbers and camera direction like WIDEN and CUT TO. Whoever read it was indeed engaged. I believe he used it as his calling card for some time. But then again, this happened many years ago, so the question remains what do successful spec samples look like. Ideally, they look like ours. ;)

Again Dan M. thank you Sir! I think you just gave me my next 'Rule for Self'. If my story cannot be clearly understood from the dialogue then it's time to rewrite until it does. Here's the issue I've had with Writing my Spec, well besides the obvious, not being able to find any good examples ... it's bare bones to the max. I know that many writers will likely disagree with this but, PERSONALLY, I think writing a compelling Screenplay is more challenging than Novel writing. Why? Because that little tiny paragraph or two of action before the dialogue has to be so tight that EVERY SINGLE WORD counts. The meaning cannot be conveyed over the space of a full page or two. Each scene is its own mini world. I did find an article that was helpful in this regard and also offered a few pages of spec writing. Here it is. :) http://www.scriptmag.com/features/why-spec-scripts-fail-script-formattin...

DAN- In one word: Yeah! In two words: F*ck yeah!

My 2 cents - That is excellent advice from Dan Max. If I have to read a script that I'm not terribly excited about, if it's a low priority script, or if I'm in a rush, I start to read ONLY dialogue, and then I go back for stage direction ONLY IF I'm confused and can't follow the story. Any reader who has to read hundreds of scripts has a finite gas tank and finite time, and almost anyone in Hollywood will tell you that they read only dialogue when in a jam. Great advice, Dan Max. (If I'm consulting or producing the project, I of course read every line!!!)

Dan I agree re making scripts fun to read and I try to do that too. and I sure will drop a 'f-bomb' now and again.

Hi Dan Max, as you might have seen, I'm afraid that blanket statements might give young writers the wrong idea. I know you are savvy, but some people take blanket statements as gospel. In your defense, it can be said it's their own fault if they take any "rule" or assertion as gospel! Thus I'll offer this blog piece and say "it depends"... Justin Marks talks about finding the right young manager at the right time and growing up together. Btw, I agree it's not exactly "easy" to find a young manager, but it's too much of a blanket statement to say "people to to work with people they know and are proven" without saying that there are exceptions to every rule, especially for reps who want a portfolio of talent at different levels. There are those who actually ENJOY working with new talent. http://johnaugust.com/2011/get-a-manager